RFID tags (Radio Frequency Identification) are used to track assets using a radio signal which can be received and used to determine the exact location of the asset to which they are attached.  Modern developments have now made it possible for RFID tags to be much smaller and even more effective in their tracking function while the cost has also dramatically dropped.  This allows FRID tags to be used in ever more situations and the medical field is a perfect example of how RFID tags can be used to track multiple assets and provide enhanced security and identification protection.

Medications, specimens, laboratory samples and even patients can now be tracked – and tracking time sensitive assets, such as an organ for transplantation, or a patient who needs to be continuously monitored, say someone suffering from Alzheimer’s Disease, is now practical and cost effective.

RFID tags also possess the ability to contain information, including patient data, but also information on dates of manufacture, application, dosage and warning information.  RFID tags also provide the ultimate level of authentication; many medicines used in developing countries are in fact counterfeited by unscrupulous criminals looking to make huge sums of money which many drugs command on the market.  An RFID tag is almost impossible for counterfeiters to replicate, so the presence of such a tag is a good indicator that the medicines are in fact genuine.

RFID tags come in two main forms: a short-range tag, known as an HF tag (High Frequency), and UHF tag (Ultra High Frequency) with a longer scanning range.  HF tags are suitable for use in tracking medical samples and specimens such as blood and tissue samples because they work effectively in proximity to liquids and human samples.  UHF tags are affected by close proximity to liquids and can be affected by close proximity to tissue samples (the human body is primarily made up of water), and it is also important for proper “tuning” of UHF tags in a medical environment because they are also affected by proximity to metals and radiation (some things which are commonly found in hospitals and medical laboratories).

RFID tags being used for patient tracking has caused some controversy in terms of the invasion of patient privacy, however, where patients are at risk to themselves, such as those suffering from dementia or temporary mental incapacity, they are invaluable for securing identification and monitoring patient status.  Certainly, one use of RFID tags appears to have gained the seal of approval from patients when used to track newborn infants – there can be no doubt that the baby you take home from the hospital is the child which you gave birth to with no possibility of hospital mix-ups!

Patient safety can also be significantly enhanced using RFID tags; for instance, when you need to locate a crash cart (a defibrillator) for a patient in cardiac arrest, you need to find it fast.  RFID tags provide the ability to accurately and quickly pinpoint the location of the cart which can be brought into action much faster for patient assistance.

In terms of hospital administration, RFID tags help to automate inventory management and reduce the administration costs of managing a broad range of sometimes, extremely expensive items, many of which are used as commodity stock items but which are in fact, extremely expensive.  Simple scalpels for instance, are a commonly used item in hospitals and medical institutions, however they are very costly and need to be tracked and managed effectively to avoid wasting money.  RFID tags open the door to significant cost savings by ensuring all instruments and equipment are accounted for at the end of an operation or medical procedure.

Asset Labels Tracking the War on Terror

In 2003, the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) instituted an asset tracking program in order to track DoD property under the control of external contractors.  This arose amidst claims of of contractors misappropriating assets, employing wasteful practices and generally charging exorbitant sums for work which should not have been charged.  Some readers may recall the issues associated with $200 hammers or thousand dollar toilet seats which plagued NASA, and in the realm of defense spending, there were many instances of inappropriate billing by contractors which was met by the extremely large budget of the Dod and ultimately, the taxpayer was footing the bill.

The Unique Identification program (UID) ensures that government property and assets are all marked by a special asset tag – the individual asset is allocated an Individual UID (known as the IUID – the military are renowned for their use of acronyms) and this in turn produces a Unique Identification Identifier (UII).  All equipment delivered to the DoD by an external supplier must bear a UII which comes in the form of a 2D matrix (a barcode), and this in turn feeds into the billing program of the external contractor which must be managed and presented in a format which meets DoD standards.

With the “War on Terror” commencing in 2003, the DoD is taking delivery of equipment throughout the sphere of operations as well as its main logistics deployment establishment established in Richmond, VA.  There are numerous problems associated with ensuring that equipment is delivered and gets to where it is needed most, especially for those operations involving combat and security duty in high risk areas such as Afghanistan.  At the same time, while the focus is on combat and operational effectiveness, it is very difficult to effectively manage equipment and supplies which are delivered direct into the sphere of operations by external contractors.  When you are getting shot at, you are less likely to be concerned with accounting for equipment!

The UII tags remove the need for such intensive management by personnel in the field, and simplifies the entire tracking and inventory management process.  The program has already resulted in savings worth several billions of dollars in the 6 years which it has been in operation, and has also been used as the  basis for billing adjustments with external contractors who otherwise would have billed for equipment and supplies not delivered as well as reversing overcharges.

One application of the UID program has seen enormous savings in the area of containerization.  The  DoD is the largest customer for cargo containers in the Middle East area with enormous amounts of cargo being transported and stored at a variety of ports and externally managed supply centers prior to onward transportation to the “front”.  Cargo containers are extremely expensive pieces of kit, and they are not in fact owned by the DoD – the containerization system relies upon them being leased or rented (typically for a $2,000 per week).  These containers are spread around a huge geographical area, greater than the size of the U.S., and in a large number of disparate locations.  It is vital to track them and establish which are in use and which are nt being used – by ensuring that idle use is minimized, and advising the owner of non-use, significant savings have been incurred by not paying for containers which are in fact, sitting idle in the owners depot or are still on the lease book but in fact, are not being employed.

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Creating an asset register is as simple as creating a spreadsheet – for those who are not computer literate, all you need is a sheet of lined paper with several ruled columns indicating the date, the name and type of asset with an allocated serial number and any other information you wish to track, such as location or staff member responsible for it for instance.

Each asset needs to be marked or affixed with a suitable asset tag or label.  Asset labels need to be robust and capable of withstanding hard use as well as dealing with environmental factors such as being stored outside where the weather and elements operate.  Typically, they are coated with a very strong and weatherproof adhesive which also makes them remarkably difficult to remove by thieves.  It is not uncommon to find asset labels and tags to be made from sturdy aluminum foil which makes them virtually indestructible and suitable for the most hard-wearing environments.

Arranging for sequential asset numbers to be printed is simple – asset label printers who are experienced in providing these products are very capable of delivering asset tags which can be sequentially numbered and ready for you to allocate as a serial number to individual assets.  More advanced asset labels can carry a barcode which contains much more detailed information than a simple serial number.

Barcode labels can carry a wide range of information including inception and termination dates, maintenance and upgrade information as well as simple identity markers demonstrating ownership.  With a cheap barcode scanner you can also integrate asset tracking directly into your computer based asset register and software packages such as QuickBooks, provide a simple means of integrating your asset tracking with your accounting system.

Asset labels are at the core of protecting your business assets – they provide a visible marker and stamp of your ownership which in itself, acts as a deterrent to thieves or those looking to use your property when they are not authorized to.  They also will simplify your asset tracking and especially when you have equipment being used off-site or by contractors – this is essential if you are to protect your property and engender a sense of responsibility in users.  Asset tracking  is also an essential requirement for your accounting when it comes to being able to demonstrate that the assets you own and are reflected in your balance sheet and accounts, are in fact in your physical possession and do exist.

Talk to your print partner about how asset labels can be put to work for your business – they are simple to source and easy to use and the cost is minimal compared to the value of the assets they track and protect.

Lasers are needed to take the images used in constructing he hologram – in fact two laser beams are used in conjunction with a photographic plate – these combined images are then viewable as a hologram using normal light.  One laser beam hits the object from the side while the other hits the object from the front – the photographic plate collects both reflected images so the image collected is actually a dual-image on one photographic plate – this creates the holographic effect.

If this seems complicated, it’s because it is – and this is why hologram stickers are such an excellent security device – they are so very difficult to reproduce by counterfeiters.  If you wish to instill confidence in your customers that the products you are supplying to market are in fact made by you and covered by your warranties and guarantees, then a hologram sticker with your logo and brand stamped on them are an excellent way to do this.

So secure are hologram stickers that they are incorporated into credit and debit cards as well as formal identification cards used by companies and government agencies.  While hologram stickers are more expensive to produce and source than ordinary labels and stickers, the costs is still not prohibitive because modern print technology is capable of rendering the pieces at a very cost-effective price.  You can order hologram stickers in relatively small print runs but you will benefit from much greater cost efficiencies if you order larger print runs for the stickers.

Other hologram sticker applications include:

• Quality control marks on items which contain intellectual or performance property such as software, film and audio;
• Asset tracking labels to demonstrate ownership and equipment information (especially when combined with barcode tags);
• Tamper proof evidence by preventing sensitive items such as medication or baby foods from being opened or if they are opened, the end-user will have visual evidence of tampering;
• Vehicle registration and parking rights;
• Concert and event ticket anti-counterfeiting measures;
• Confidential document protection;
• Clothing hang tags;
• Original equipment manufacturer marks (OEM) for use in a wide range of applications including car and aircraft parts as well as widely used in software packaging; and
• Lottery ticket scratch cards.

Hologram labels lend themselves to a wide range of creative uses so it is simple to incorporate your brand name and logo or other customized design into the finished product.  Using hologram labels in connection with your branding lends a degree of unique differentiation to help your company products be more readily identifiable in the minds of the buying public and to get the most out of hologram labels you should consult with a print and design partner who is experienced in designing and producing them.

A hologram is created by capturing the light reflected from an object and reconstructing it so the subject appears to move relative to the position of the viewer of the hologram.  This is what makes a hologram appear 3-dimensional but in fact it is not, it is a 2-dimensional representation just as an ordinary photograph.

In 1947, Hungarian physicist, Gabor Denes (known as Dennis Gabor in English) was playing in his lab with the results of pioneering technological advances dealing with the development of the electron microscope.  Dennis Gabor was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics for his discovery but he had to wait until 1971 to receive the recognition he deserved.

The discovery was made in England at the commercial lab of British Thomas-Houston who filed a patent back in 1947, however the holographic light/optical technique did not attain any commercial significance until the development of the laser in 1960.  With the invention of the laser, 3-dimensional objects were then able to be made and the technique was first discovered in 1962 by two sets of teams – one in Soviet Russia led by Yuri Denisyuk and in the US, led by Juris Upatnieks.

The initial holograms required illumination using the polarized light provided by a laser which severely restricted the use of the hologram.  With the development of “Rainbow Transmission” holograms, ordinary white-light sources could be used to create the 3-dimensional replication and this opened the door to using holograms in everyday life.  The holograms you see on credit cards and as security tags on product packaging are of this type.  The rainbow transmission technique uses a surface print on a plastic film which is then backed by an aluminum mirror-coating to provide the backlight source of illumination – this is what creates the 3-dimensional image appear.

A refinement of the rainbow transmission hologram is the “reflection” or “Denisyuk” hologram.  Here a multi-color image is reproduced and a white-light source from the same side of the viewer is only needed – this removes the need for the backlight coating which increases the cost of producing the hologram.

While static 3-dimensional images can be reproduced on a 2-dimensional medium, the science fiction concept of a 3-dimensional image being projected into a space is not yet with us.  The ability to replicate a 3-dimensional image into a space holds a lot of attraction for television and film but while plenty of effort has been going into creating a 3-dimensional viewing experience, the reality is that this holographic development is still science fiction and not science fact.  The 2008 holographic projection of CNN reporter Jessica Yellin during the Presidential elections last year may have given the impression of a hologram projection into space but in fact there was a merging of a video feed from the reporter which was then combined with the video feed created in the studio.  In other words, it was a cheat, but still gave a good indication of the possibility of 3-d holographic movies and television may be able to bring to the movie theater or your living room within the next few years.

Cheap labels now allow you to organize everything from your garage and tool shed, through to your home possessions for security purposes as well as the more traditional uses such as marking school books and sports kit so the kids do not permanently lose stuff when they forget it.

Across the board, every type of label has fallen dramatically in price.

Heavy duty all-weather Nalgene laminated tags now cost as little as their indoor equivalents used to mark items in your kitchen; marking up personal possessions with a permanent adhesive tag is one of the best ways of ensuring you get your possessions returned if they are stolen and this will cost a few dollars at most to do; marking your belongings no matter what or where they are is a mark of your ownership and possession so things do not get permanently mislaid and the only real investment you have to make is a little time to get the job of labeling done; in dollar terms it is a few bucks and no more.

You can find cheap label suppliers across the internet but with low cost you must be careful of the quality you are receiving.  Many low cost labels are produced in the Far East and particularly China, where highly toxic inks and manufacturing processes destroy the environment while the quality of the label material itself may leave a lot to be desired.  This said, there is no shortage of homegrown label producers right here in the US where standards are higher and despite producing cheap products you can easily afford, buying US labels keeps US jobs right here at home.

Take look at some of the law enforcement statistics regarding lost and stolen property:

• a tagged item is 37 times more likely to be returned to the owner than an untagged one;
• 92% of crimes involving stolen property result in a conviction as a direct result of tagged items being found in the possession of the criminal involved;
• a tagged pet is returned to owner 90% of the time while an untagged one less than 10% of the time
• more than 80% of convicted thieves surveyed have responded that they are deterred by tagging of property;
• 100% of convicted thieves surveyed responded they would choose to steal from an untagged property than one where tagging was practised; and
• tagging is estimated to save $17 billion annually in insurance costs due to reduced payouts and premiums for policyholders.

RFID has far more constructive uses than just making sure a crook sticks to a curfew. RFID tags are used to track containers and shipments even down to the individual parcel in certain cases, but the technology has recently been enjoying new application.

Wells Fargo has the job of tracking thousands of laptops from hundreds of locations and knowing when one can leave a location and who ought to have possession of it has been a security nightmare.  Using RFID, each laptop has been implanted with a tag which has upon it the information necessary to automatically detect whether it can in fact leave their offices and in who’s possession it ought to be.  More than this, in the event of a lost or stolen laptop, RFID can be employed to track the location of the device in order to recover it.

Though the concept behind RFID is simple, the technology required is in fact extremely complex.  In this instance, complex technology does mean high cost for individual readers and tags and the price tag for most RFID solutions is beyond the budget of individual customers when insurance and ensuring back-up procedures are so much more cost effective.  An RFID kit from Tiktag will probably cost in the region of $190 yet insuring the laptop against loss of theft will cost a fraction of that amount.

RFID technology is not limited to tracking assets and determining the location of missing items for big companies with car tracking technology having been around for over a decade and the benefit certainly outweighs the cost in such instances.  When it comes to smaller, portable devices such as laptops, smart phones and personal items the cost effective technology for RFID tagging for personal use is still some distance away.

Article provided by MaverickLabel.com, a good source for custom property ID labels & RIFD labels.

The amount of pocket size gadgets is staggering and this article shows some gaudy numbers, for example, “Apple surpassed the 100 million mark on its iPod nearly two years ago”. Amazing.

You may be asking where to find quality identification labels for your suitcase or any other items you may be taking on your trip whether it is via airplane, bus, or just traveling in your car. One great place to visit is MaverickLabel.com. They have every type of label you would need for any occasion.

The information that should be indicated on your identification label is your name of course, address, and most reliable contact phone number. If you have a cell phone that is carried on you at all times – you should probably use that phone number. Sometimes, adding two or three reachable phone numbers is a great idea. This will give the person who finds your lost luggage a much greater chance of getting in contact with you than if you only had one phone number listed.

The identification labels come in all sorts of colors, styles, and materials. Your only job is to choose the one you would like and would better fit your needs to place on your stuff. You should place a label on the outside of the item as well as one on the inside – both with the same information on each.

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Any air traveler understands the joys of checking-in luggage and the frequently frustrated expectation which goes with trying to retrieve it at the other end of the journey.  Jokes abound of how luggage handlers all seem to wear the same boot size, (size 16) because this is the imprint seen on luggage no matter where it comes from or gets to!  In addition, there is the real problem with ensuring that luggage gets on the same aircraft as the passenger and is not left behind, or worse and yet still quite common, ends up on a completely different aircraft and engages in a round the world trip on its own.

By tagging luggage with RFID technology, the luggage handling process can be streamlined and made more reliable.  At the same time, luggage which is equipped with an RFID tag at check-in can be associated with a particular passenger and tracked through the chain which takes the luggage from passenger to air side, to aircraft and then disembarkation at destination and finally, back to the passenger.

The implications for airline security and enhanced customs control are all too apparent.  The benefits for frustrated passengers seeking to reunited with their luggage are equally apparent.  With an RFID tag, the luggage is capable of being tracked much more effectively and identified and associated with security procedures at check-in and throughout the trip.  In addition, using the check-in data, it will be possible to aggregate the luggage cargo to ensure further items, which may obviate check-in and security procedures, cannot be added to the aircraft manifest, such as a bomb for instance.

Biometric passports are also evolving, however they are the source of many social and adoption problems.  The privacy concerns in particular are causing many Western governments to question the necessity for the second generation of biometric passports which are being proposed.  Such has the furore been over privacy and concerns over data theft from biometric passports, that one leading political party in the UK has threatened to abolish them if elected.

The threat may be electioneering, however it has some grass roots support in the wake of a Mossad secret service operation carried out by Israel in the Middle East.  Mossad agents carried out an assassination of an Arab target in the Middle East using forged biometric passports which had been copied from British, Irish and French tourists to Israel.  The data collected by Israeli border control was then used to forge “new” biometric passports for their secret service agents who entered an Arab country to carry out the hit.  Despite the claims that biometric passports are harder to forge, in this instance a glaring weakness has been exposed and how a foreign country can seriously misuse the information it collects as a consequence of the biometric component.

This affair is likely to have an impact on US homeland security – foreign travelers are required to have a biometric passport to enter the country, however if the rest of the world seeks to slow down or halt implementation of biometrics, this will have a severe impact on travel to America.